My Music Video Concept & Feedback

My Music Video Concept on Prezi

Homepage design - First Draft

I wanted my music artists website to have a medium shot of himself, so the audience can become aware of who he is.  I wanted his name to be written below him image in a handwritten/graffiti style so it looks as if the artist himself has written it.  This is so the website has a personalised look.  I want to include four main pages: about - which will include a biography of the artist, news - which will have all the latest updates about his music, music - which will have links to recorded songs and have lyrics to his songs etc, video - will have links to his previous music videos, vlogs of the actual music artist so the audience can see Demolisher outside of his music role, and a signup page - where his fans can sign up for newsletters and for the latest updates.  The background colour would be black and I would include a spray paint effect around his name to convey the grime genre.

Grime Music Artists Homepage Analysis

Grime Music Artists Homepage Analysis on Prezi

Researching other Grime music artists websites influenced my decisions for my website design.  I was able to see what colour schemes these artists use and the types of photographs, pages etc.  This research helped me decide what I will include on my artists homepage design.

DigiPak - First Draft Feedback

GoAnimate.com: digipak draft 1 by hannahmoghul

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DigiPak - First Draft

This is my first draft of my Digipak for my unsigned music artist - Demolisher

On the 'inside behind cover' I put a picture of the artist in a sketch form so it is blurred into the background.  I did this so it conveys the 'grime' genre as it is usually associated with dark colours which is why I have also chosen to do the background black.  I then put a short introduction of the artist, just so a new audience can get to know a little more about him.  On the 'infront of CD flap' I have a long shot of Demolisher himself looking straight at the camera.  This is so the audience can see him dressed in designer clothing, however the background has graffiti in the background on the bench to convey the grime genre.  This may also appeal to people who are from the same area as him and inspire to be like him as he is from a working class background however has made success because of his music therefore he is dressed in designer clothing.

On the back cover I have chosen to use another image of the artist himself and have the names of his songs go around his body.  Again he is seen wearing designer clothing so his audience can inspire to become successful like himself.  He is looking directly at the camera but not in a intimidating way, he looks quite calm and relaxed which makes it easier for the audience to relate to him.

My CD cover - Second Draft

I created a second draft of a CD cover and added any changed according to my Media teacher. 

 I added a picture of the artist as my teacher advised me to, as the audience can become more aware of who he is as he is a new and unsigned artist.  I kept the font basic and bold so its easy to read.  The colours I used were quite basic as I was going for the simplistic look.  I chose the background to be black so the image of the artist stands out more, and a white bold font so it is visible to read over the image of the artist. 

My teacher thought the idea of having three images of him wasnt interesting enough.  He liked my sketch version for a CD better however as I changed artists, I didnt feel the CD cover would be suitable for Demolisher.

Change of Artist

I had found a grime music artist whose name was Vemedy.  I contacted him and asked if he was willing to be part of my media project, he was happy to do so.  Although he was an unsigned artist he was known by many people and attended gigs at clubs to perform.  As a music artist he had a very busy schedule due to gigs, photo shoots, and studio sessions, he was not able to meet up on the dates I required.  Therefore I had to overcome this issue and find another unsigned artist.  I was searching for someone preferably in the grime side of music.  I came across a grime unsigned music artist whos name was Demolisher.  I contacted him and asked if he was willing to be part of my project and asked him if he was available on filming days.  He was available and was also willing to take part in my project.

Feedback for First Draft of Cd Cover

My CD cover - First Draft

I had contacted an artist called Vemedy and asked if he was interested in being part of my Media Project.  He had agreed to take part and sent me his song which is called '4 seconds'.  As he is a grime artist I created the following as my first draft Cd cover:

• The plain white background makes the black stand out which is why I chose to do this.  I created a minimalist cover to show he is proud of where he is from and his music supports his area.  I also wanted to portray my artist to show that he is more interested in his music rather than his appearance.
• I did a silhouette of the estates as grime artists are normally from poor/working-class areas.  Grime music videos are also filmed in their hometown (estates) to show that they are proud of where they have come from.
• I chose a street style graffiti font to convey the genre of Grime.
• The silhouette of the estates also suggests that the artists lyrics are going to be about his roots and some controversial issues.  
• The splats of spray paint suggests underground, graffiti which also conveys the genre of Grime.

Album Artwork Analysis - Kano - Home Sweet Home

Another grime artist which I looked at is Kano

• Kano is dressed wearing a hoodie which is normally associated with someone who is from a rough area/estates.  He is not dressed in designer clothing, just inexpensive clothing which connotates that he may be from a working class background.  Therefore an audience from a working class background may be able to relate with his music and him as the artist.
• Behind him we see a projection of a couple of guys leaning against a bricked wall.  This suggests that Kano may be from there and is looking back at where he is from, hence the album's name: Home sweet home.  He is proud of where he is from and will not forget his roots.
• The album cover is quite dark and so is his clothing.  This may suggest that Kano does not care much about appearance but focuses more on his music. 
• The font he has used is quite bold and basic, however the word 'sweet' is written in a curly and handwritten style font.  He may have made it look like he has handwritten this word to show he loves his 'home' - where he has come from.

Album Artwork Analysis - Devlin - 'Bud, Swear & Beers'

As my unsigned artist is a grime MC, I have decided to analyse the album cover of another famous grime MC - Devlin 

• Devlin himself is dressed very simple, and casual.  He may have done this so he can relate to anyone, and not just a particular group of people.  This suggests that his music may target everyone in a particular way.  It also suggests that Devlin may not care so much about his appearance and more about his music as he is dressed very minimal and all in black.
• He is wearing a Fred Perry polo top which is a British brand.  This connotates that Devlin is a British MC
• Him leaning against a brick wall suggests he may be from a poor working-class background.  Therefore a working-class audience may enjoy Devlin's music and be able to relate with it. 
• 'Bud, Sweat & Beers' has been written in a handwritten font.  This looks as if Devlin has written the name of the album himself.  This makes the Cd feel more personal to the purchaser.  It also suggests that Devlin's lyrics may be quite serious and personal to him due to this.

How this research will help me in my campaign for my unsigned artist

After I have conducted a research and asked the public of all different age groups what they look for on a Cd cover, and the amount of people who actual purchase Cd's, I am now aware of what I need to do in order to create an effective Cd cover.  Having this knowledge I can now apply it to my task, therefore increase Cd sales for my unsigned music artist.  

Results of my Questionnaire

I handed out my questionnaire to eight participants, two participants for each age group.  This way I would get varied results.  After I conducted my questionnaire my results showed that:

2/2 people aged 30 and above DO purchase Cd's

1/2 people aged 25-29 DO purchase Cd's

0/2 people aged 20-24 DO NOT purchase Cd's

0/2 people aged 15-19 DO NOT purchase Cd's

My results state that older people aged from 25-30 do purchase Cd's, however the younger generation aged 15-24 do not purchase Cd's.  This may be because the younger generation are now able to easily use the Internet and download music or listen to it on YouTube etc.  Whereas the older generation may not be fluent at using the Internet and being able to do this, therefore they purchase the CD.  The older generation also prefer to have a physical copy of the CD as they like looking at the artwork used.

Research on CD purchasing

I carried out a questionnaire and asked a number of people to see if people purchase CD's and if so, why?

Album Artwork Analysis - Grace Jones - 'Slave to the Rhythm'

- After looking at this album cover I guessed the genre was Punk, this was because of the artists mohawk hairstyle as this was a hairstyle which the subculture of Punks used to have.  However the genre is actually electro, dance.

- The artists mouth is very large mouth (editted), which suggests masculinity and also that she may be singing about social issues which may upset some people.

- Through this album cover, the artist does not conform to the mainstream. As, females are stereotypically known for being pretty and attractive, however Grace Jones has not shown this through her album cover.  Instead she looks masculine through the way she is posing and her mohawk hairstyle.

- The broken glass surrounding her shows forms of aggression, aggresiveness -> yell of rage, power of her voice, nature.

- Her large mouth suggests her lyrics are more important 

- Minimalist cover makes her stand out more than the album name and her name on the cover.

- There is not much colour used on the cover.

- The artist herself, Grace Jones, looks very unfeminine as she is wearing no earings, she has a mohawk,  no jewellery, large mouth which all suggest masculinity.

- 'Slave to the rhythm' - this has a controversial and political edge.

- Facial expression suggests aggression -> this is emphasised and exaggerated by the long face

- She doesnt appear to look scared or in pain, shes yelling -> this suggests that her voice is powerful

- The cleff lines going across her mouth shows she has multiple tongues which could suggest the different topics/issues she sings about.

- Plain background is different to mainstream artists -> white background makes her stand out.

Album Artwork Analysis - The Clash - "London Calling"

- The genre is conveyed through the image - it is clearly Punk

  -> Values: - The artist is shown expressing anger and frustration

  -> Rebellious - This is shown as he is smashing his own guitar

- The word 'Clash' suggests they are against the mainstream

- Image - Agressivemess, anger, suggests their own values and beliefs.  

  -> Black and White - suggests negative emotions 

  -> Connotations of sharp and crisp means sophistication and wealth however if it was grainy and blurred that would connotate authenticity -> It has deliberately been done 'High Finish'.  This suggests that the artists passion is more important than the actual image of the artist.

-The name of the album appears bigger than the actual name of the band.  This suggests that image is not as important as the music.  

- The image is a shot from a live gig which connotates that the artist is passionate about their music.

- We are not able to see the artists face - values of the artist are that the music is more important than the image.

Audience

- Targets older people as its from the 1970's, therefore audiences would have been different in terms of taste and likings.

- Targets people who like to be 'different' and not follow the mainstream.

Analysing Album Art

When analysing album artwork, look at:
- Images
- Fonts
- Portrayal of Artist


How the artwork conveys:
- Emotional response to the music
- Genre
- Star image (values and beliefs)
- Intended audience
- Uses and gratification
- Message about social group


Album covers as an art form
- Ambiguous or intriguing imagery - could be interpreted a number of ways (always interesting to look at)
- Shocking - mainly punk artists do this - deliberately controversial to grab attention 
- Visually dense (lots of images, lots to look at)
- Minimalist - unusually sparse or empty (why have they done this?)


Having and understanding of what is expected of a CD cover and how it should convey specific messages about the artist, I am able to apply my knowledge when I am creating my own digi pak.  To broaden my knowledge I analysed a few CD covers to see how other artists convey their genre and messages.

Indie Kids Subculture

WHAT IS INDIE?

"Indie" stands for "Independent". The late teens to mid twenties kids mainly all share a common love for the arts and music. But they are opposite to mainstream in terms of their personality, style, dress sense, etc. They listen to many bands most people haven't heard of and tend to dress however they want, creating trends themselves. 

Indie kids are often seen in art gallery, underground clubs and vintage shops, and they like mixing lots of styles found in these shops. They tend to be open minded as well as opinionated and are curious for new ideas in all art fields mainly music.

They tend to wear warm neutral tones as opposed to black, as well as light fabrics, almost simular to the 

hippie style.

 They listen to Indie and Alternative music, and are considerate the "hot"nerds.  Indie kids are the new generation of nerd but the "cool nerd" version because they embrace the awkwardness.  An example is the way they have made the big dorky glasses a fashion statement rather than something people would laugh at.  Indie kids are often very sharp and very quickwitted.  They tend to listen to bands from back as early as the 1960s. Typical indie kid bands include The Beatles, Bright Eyes, The Shop Assistants, The Long Blondes, The Rascals,The Shangri Las and The Who.

Indie kids wear clothes from second hand shops, have an unfounded fascination in things like cassette tapes and vinyl, and often wear thick rimmed glasses and a little hint of 60's.

CCCS Research Task

Click on the Zoom(+) 2x to view clearly.








The understanding of how different sub cultures have come apart and the meaning behind why it took place will influence my final product.  This is because if my chosen music artist comes from a subculture, I will be aware on how to target them to a specific audience.

Music Timeline

We created a music timeline which gave us a broad knowledge and understanding of the music industry and the type of genres that were popular then, the artists which were around etc.  We was able to see how there have been changes over years in fashion, music, style etc.  

Richard Dyer - Star Theory

We looked at a theorist called Richard Dyer, and examined his idea of the 'Star Theory'. The four parts of this theory focused on Constructions, Industry and Audience, Ideology & Culture, and Character & Personality.

Constructions - Stars are artificial images despite the fact that they are illustrated as 'real people'. A unique selling point helps their image as it makes them a more memorable artist. Therefore audiences are more likely to copy them or imitate them.

Their image is usually constructed through the media (advertising, magazines etc).  This has been stated, however some record companies don't understand the full process resulting in the failure of some artists.  Dyer suggested that TV shows such as The X Factor - subtract the longevity of some artists.  

Industry's and the Audience - Their main purpose is to make profit rather than statements, so institutions often sign artists who are alike other famous artists, as they know audiences will like them. However this does lead to a down fall in creativity and audiences don't want to spend money on blandness.  Some Star's can also be deemed opinion leader's and create a culture.  An example of this is Lady Gaga.  Her image is formed to to target people who like being unique, different and against following the latest fashion trend in the mainstream.  This enhances her 'star quality' as an artist.  

A criticism against the 'Star Theory' is that Star's tend to lose longevity because they fail to develop or sustain their image.  Also, other new and upcoming stars who are similar to them, distract the audiences attention.




Learning about Dyers Star Theory I was able to gain knowledge on how artists present themselves in a particular way.  This is helpful as I am aware of how i will market my artist.  I could then apply my knowledge and understanding about Dyer's Star Theory to my music artist, and present my him in a particular way.

Arguments FOR and AGAINST of why female models are used in music videos

Reasons for why Females are used in Music Videos on Prezi

Music Video Analysis - Berger's Ideas

We analysed a music video by Eric Prydz called 'Call on me', we analysed this according to Berger's ideas and views.  Below is the music video we analysed:





- The females in the music video are objectified as they are half naked/very revealing and are dancing in a sexual way.  However, this point can be argued as the women are embracing their sexuality and showing confidence in what they are doing.  


- According to Berger's ideas, this music video offers 'Scopophilia' as the male viewer may gain pleasure by looking at the female dancers, who are also dressed quite sexually. 


- This music video can be seen as 'soft porn' as the female dancers are seen thrusting their bodies and biting their lips, which connotes sex.

- The male dancer in the music video does not seem distracted by all the females in the aerobics class, instead he is gazing and shows interest in the leader of the class.


- We see constant zoom in shots of the females bodies and specific body parts.  This emphasizes the point that they are just sex objects. 


Eroticization is taking place in this music video, this is when you present something in a sexual way.  In this case an activity such as aerobics has been sexualized. This has been done by the way they have the females dressed very revealing, their movements and their facial expressions.  

Example: Nelly - 'Tip Drill'

Feminist analysis on the music video
There are women wearing chains that have the ‘Derrty entertainment’ pendants. ‘Derrty entertainment’ is a record label owned by Nelly. This therefore could show that Nelly has ‘’branded’’ the women with the ‘Derrty entertainment’’ pendant to show that the women he possesses the women, like the way he posses the record label. This could send the message that it is acceptable for men to stake a claim to a woman as if they own them like property. This could make men believe they can try to own women. And could also make women believe that it is acceptable to be seen as another man’s ‘’property’’.

Near the end of the video Nelly slides a credit card between a woman’s buttocks. The credit card sliding between the woman’s buttocks could represent a cash transaction, such as those that occur in shops. This could show that Nelly believes that you can ‘’buy’’ a woman with money or material possessions. This therefore shows women to be passive as it shows they are willing to be controlled by any man who is able to offer them enough material wealth. It can therefore make men believe that is acceptable to try and ‘’buy’’ a woman using money.

In the video the male rappers throw money around and at women. This therefore shows that the male rappers are willing to pay money for the women to keep dancing and performing. This shows that the rappers can ‘’buy’’ the women and make them perform for their pleasure. This therefore may make men think that they can ‘’buy’’ women. And it may also make women think that all they need to do to become financially successful is appeal to a male libido. This therefore discourages women from using other skills such as intelligence to become financial successful.

There are rapid cuts between many different close ups of different women’s bodies. However the camera shot of the rappers faces do not cut as rapidly. This is means the male audience can only see the women’s bodies and cannot see their faces; therefore they can’t emote with the women. This encourages the male audience to objectify the women in the video as the inability to emote with the women dehumanises the women in the video. Also the fast cut rate between close ups of women’s bodies means we cannot see each woman properly. This means the women are not valued for their attributes but rather are valued for quick glimpses of their beauty. This dehumanises the women and portrays them as objects to be looked at. Also as the camera shots of the rappers faces are longer than the camera shots on the women’s bodies. It means the men are more important than the women, as we can emote and see the rappers as individuals. Whereas we can’t emote with the women or see them as individuals, as the close ups are impersonal and do not allow us to see each woman as an individual as we just see quick close ups of various women’s body parts but not see individual women.

Post-feminist analysis on the music video

The women use the men’s sexual desires to their advantage. The women perform for the men in order to appeal to the male’s libido and get the male rappers money. This could empower women and show them that they can use male’s sexual desires against them in order to take advantage of men.

The video is so fantastical and unrealistic that there is no risk of male audience members being able to narcissistically identify with the rappers. This is because the video is so unrealistic that no male will be able to believe they could behave like the rappers in the video. However male audience members could aspire to be like the rappers as the male audience members could want to be as sexually successful as the rappers.

Should the video be regulated?

I believe the video should be regulated. This is because the video is extremely explicit and so would not be appropriate for an audience under the age of 18. I do not think that the video should be censored but rather it should be only played on television after the watershed, as then all children should be asleep and so would not be able to view this explicit video.

Example: Fountains of Wayne - 'Stacy's Mom'

We watched a music video called 'Stacy's Mom' and analysed it from a Feminist and Post-Feminist view and looked at how it sends different messages and opinions about women





Feminist Analysis


Mulveys - Voyeuristic Objectification- Male audience will feel pleasure by looking at Stacy's mom.  

The camera shots guides us to look at her body - above is an example of when Voyeuristic Objectification takes place.


Below is another example of Voyeuristic Objectification as the shots of the mom's skirt are showing us what the boy is seeing through his eyes.

Cultivation Theory - We see the mother as a sex object throughout the video, even when she is cleaning up in the kitchen, it still focused on how good she is looking. Below is an example of this from the music video.

Post-Feminist Analysis

Men are victims of their own desire, weakens them and gives women power over them.  An example of this from the music video is that the mom is not trying to impress the boy, its just his own desires and feelings for her.  

Therefore it is not degrading women-not realist, just entertainment and comedy that a young boy fancies the mother - who is much older - and not the actual girl.  Above is an example of this.

Narcissistic Identification 

- The audience would not want to be like the boy in the music video as he gets caught masturbating which is embarrassing and uncomfortable

- Also, the woman is living her ordinary, everyday life, however the boy just fancies her.

Personal Opinion: Is this music video Sexist? Dangers? Censorship/Regulation? - Restricted scheduling? Banned?, Where?, How?

I don't think this music video should be banned, as it is suppose to be funny and people should realise that, people shouldn't be sexist about it.  In my opinion, this music video should be shown after 6/7pm just because of the sexual imagery of the mother, as i don't think it would be suitable for a young child aged 10 and under.  

Dangers - The main danger of this music video is that it may put pressure on girl to look like 'Stacy's mom' and conform to ideas of 'sexiness'.  However some women may realise its a funny music video so they may find it funny and not desire to conform.  

Degrading to Women - When the mum is pole dancing it portrays women as servants, 'whore', strippers.  They are exploited but made 'sexy'

Example: Casino Royale

We watched the a clip from the film Casino Royale.  It was the sea scene where we see Daniel Craig coming out of the ocean.  After watching the clip we tried to apply some of Mulvey's ideas.

Voyeuristic Objectification

- Sexual pleasure by looking at his body -> the camera guides us to look at his body 

- The camera shot is as if we are looking at him through the female characters eyes

Narcissistic Identification

- Men may look at him and think they could be the same

'James Bond is a male and so am I, therefore I can do that and be like him'

What are feminist views of how women and sex is portrayed in the Media?

Cultivation Theory - If you keep seeing something repeatedly, you begin to believe these messages.  For example we see women as sex objects and thats how they are treated.  

Encourages sexist views in men, i.e/ reduces all real womens potential down to sexuality; spoils male-female relationships ->ideas, feelings, skills etc.

Hypodermic Theory - Media injects you with it, you see it and you instantly believe it.  So, for example men see it, so they treat women that way.  Men are portrayed as powerful (and are not sexually objectified) compared to sexually passive women (music videos)

Post-feminist views 

- Disagree's with feminist assumption that women are victims of male desire, and being desired is degrading for women.  

- Instead men are victims of their own desire.  Weakens them and gives women power over them.  

- Women are being empowered, have their own choice, they should use their sexuality to control men, make money.

- Sexual experience should be celebrated by women (instead of fearing they are being 'used')

- This encourages women to think of themselves only as sex objects, rather than being able to make a bigger contribution to society.

Mulvey

Mulvey's three main ideas:


Voyeurism Objectification - Pleasure gained from looking at passive, objectified characters. This is because it creates a sense of sexual power.
'Voyeurism' - They don't know they are being watched


Narcissistic Identification - Male viewer sees a male character who they aspire to be like, but identity with enough to feel temporarily powerful. They get pleasure by looking at someone simular to them.


Fetishisation - When a strong (potentially threatening) women is sexualised in order to make the audience feel less insecure.


Mulvey only talked about male spectators looking at passive women/active men. We can still used her ideas to understand how female spectators get pleasure from films too.


Mulvey's three main ideas enabled me to udnerstand how a majority of the audience react to media texts when these ideas are applied.  Learning these ideas, I was more aware of audiences and therefore I could apply these ideas to my final outcome.

Berger

What messages about women are being sent by paintings and photographs of women?


- Women are sex objects
- Women are passive (powerless) and dominated easily
- Women look like their utilized -dehumanised
- Women are shown as vulnerable
- Women are exposed/vulnerable/helpless/naked -> Illusion of 'ownership'-> Appealed to libido


Why does - according to Berger - a male audience like these messages?


- Males felt they could own women
- Scopophilia - pleasure of looking at someone else's body
- Men thought they were a dominant gender - Power
- 'Death-drive' - power over another -> Thanatos


Learning about Bergers ideas and how men like the messages that are sent about women, I was able to understand how I could target the male audience when creating my final music video.  I could even fulfil Berger's ideas about women in my music video if I feel it suits my chosen genre.

Genie in a Bottle by Christina Aguilera in the Genre 'Heavy Metal'

Below is a video of my finalised music video:

Preliminary Task - "Genre-Swap"

Our Preliminary Task was to produce a music video of an existing song however changed the genre and following its stylistic conventions.  Our music video had to include the first verse and chorus of the song which should last around two minutes.  My group had to recreate the song Genie in a Bottle by Christina Aguilera in the genre style Heavy Metal.

Challenges in Pre - production

After we received our song and genre style, we had to decide the conventions which are used in a Heavy Metal genre music video. 

Heavy Metal conventions:

-Dark Clothing

-Dark Make-up

-Aggressive behaviour

-Isolated Location

-Instruments

-Horror Movie (narrative/elements)

-Androgyny

Challenges during filming

Our filming day was pretty successful, we were all available to meet on location at the time given.  Our actress/singer for our music video was also available to meet up.  We started filming after five minutes as we had everything ready.  We changed some of the ideas from our storyboard as we thought they wouldn't be very effective.  However, we finished filming in two hours, and filmed a large amount of footage which would be helpful when editing.

Challenges during editing

We was pretty confident when it came to the editing stage as we felt as we had enough footage and had filmed each shot three times so we had a wide selection to choose from.  Our only concern was if the lip syncing in the footage would not match the actual song.  This wasn't a huge problem as it was only off for about two seconds, however after adding in some transitions, the shots length increased making the lip syncing perfect and spot on.

The whole reason for doing a preliminary task was so we could have an insight on what it will be like when we are creating our music video as our final product.  This preliminary task prepared me well before I did my final music video as I was able to see what challenges I could face.  Now I am aware that when filming my final music video I must overcome these challenges.

So-Why do people like genres?

Deborah Knight - Satisfaction of having expectations fulfilled


Steve Neale - "Repetition and difference", enjoyment from the subtle deviations and innovations of what is expected


David Chandler - "Interpretive Community" - using tastes to create collective identity


Steven Neale, John Fiske, Tom Ryall (and others)


-Organises texts and meanings
(Jonathan Culler said: genre is a "contract between creator and viewer to make meanings more operative")


- Institutions use them as rules for successful films, bands, magazines, etc (speeds up creative process)


-Good way to market new texts to audiences (Eg// Terminator - market action films to males and females by introducing a female hero


-Reliable structure within which innovation can 'safely' occur without risking profits


Understanding why audiences like genres, we are able to apply clear genre conventions to our preliminary task.  This is so we could target the specific audiences for specific genres.

What is a genre? David Bordell

A genre could be....

.Historical period (Victorian Novel) 

-1940's

-Rock and Roll

-Beetles 

-Elvis Presley

.Author/institution (A scorcese film;Pixar)

-Slim Shaday

-Cash Money

-Rock Nation (Jay-Z)

.Cycle of Popularity ("Torture Porn")

-'Shoegaze'

.Series/franchise (James Bond)

.Style ("New Wave")

-Rap (all have something in common)

.Ideology (Right Wing Action Films)

-Political - Eminem/Lowkey

-Punk - Have simular ideologies

.Audience ("Chick Flicks")

-Goth (subculture)